Gukoresha hakiri kare ultrasound muri biochemie igomba kuba gusenya urukuta rwa selile na ultrasound kugirango irekure ibirimo.Ubushakashatsi bwakurikiyeho bwerekanye ko ultrasound ifite ubukana buke ishobora guteza imbere ibinyabuzima.Kurugero, ultrasonic irrasiyo yintungamubiri yintungamubiri zirashobora kongera umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwa selile ya algal, bityo bikongerera proteine ​​zakozwe ningirabuzimafatizo inshuro eshatu.

Ugereranije nubucucike bwingufu za cavitation bubble gusenyuka, ubwinshi bwingufu zumurima wamajwi ya ultrasonic waguwe ninshuro miriyari, bikavamo imbaraga nyinshi;Sonochemical phenomena na sonoluminescence iterwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko ukorwa na cavitation bubbles ni uburyo budasanzwe bw'ingufu no guhanahana ibintu muri sonochemie.Kubwibyo rero, ultrasound igira uruhare runini mugukuramo imiti, kubyara biodiesel, synthesis organique, kuvura mikorobe, kwangiza imyanda ihumanya yangiza, umuvuduko w’imiti n’umusaruro, imikorere ya catalitiki ya catalizator, kuvura ibinyabuzima, gukumira ibipimo bya ultrasonic no kuyikuraho, kumenagura selile biologiya , gutatanya no guhuriza hamwe, hamwe na sonochemiki reaction.

1. ultrasonic yongerewe imbaraga mumiti.

Ultrasound yongereye imiti.Imbaraga nyamukuru zo gutwara ni ultrasonic cavitation.Isenyuka rya cavitating bubble core itanga ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwaho, umuvuduko mwinshi ningaruka zikomeye hamwe na micro jet, itanga ibidukikije bishya kandi bidasanzwe byumubiri na chimique kubitekerezo byimiti bigoye cyangwa bidashoboka kugerwaho mubihe bisanzwe.

2. Ultrasonic catalytic reaction.

Nkurwego rushya rwubushakashatsi, ultrasonic catalytic reaction yakwegereye abantu benshi.Ingaruka nyamukuru za ultrasound kuri catalitiki reaction ni:

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(3) Umuhengeri urashobora gusenya imiterere ya reaction

(4) Sisitemu yatatanye;

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6) Gutezimbere umusemburo winjira mubikomeye kugirango ubyare icyo bita reaction reaction;

(7) Kunoza ikwirakwizwa rya catalizator, ultrasonic ikoreshwa mugutegura catalizator.Imirasire ya Ultrasonic irashobora kongera ubuso bwa catalizator, bigatuma ibice bikora bikwirakwira cyane kandi bikazamura ibikorwa bya catalitiki.

3. Ultrasonic polymer chemistry

Ikoreshwa rya ultrasonic positif polymer chemistry yakwegereye abantu benshi.Ubuvuzi bwa Ultrasonic burashobora gutesha agaciro macromolecules, cyane cyane polimeri yuburemere bukabije.Cellulose, gelatine, reberi na proteyine birashobora guteshwa agaciro no kuvura ultrasonic.Kugeza ubu, muri rusange abantu bemeza ko uburyo bwo kwangirika kwa ultrasonic buterwa n'ingaruka z'ingufu n'umuvuduko mwinshi iyo igituba cya cavitation giturika, ikindi gice cyo kwangirika gishobora guterwa n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe.Mubihe bimwe, ultrasound ishobora kandi gutangiza polymerisation.Imirasire ikomeye ya ultrasound irashobora gutangiza cololymerisation yinzoga ya polyvinyl na acrylonitrile kugirango itegure kopolymers, hamwe na cololymerisation ya polyvinyl acetate na polyethylene oxyde kugirango ikore kopolymers.

4. Ubuhanga bushya bwo kuvura imiti bwongerewe imbaraga na ultrasonic field

Ihuriro ryubuhanga bushya bwo kuvura imiti hamwe no kongera ingufu za ultrasonic nubundi buryo bushobora gutera imbere mubijyanye na chimie ultrasonic.Kurugero, fluid supercritical fluid ikoreshwa nkibikoresho, naho ultrasonic field ikoreshwa mugukomeza reaction ya catalitiki.Kurugero, amazi ya supercritical fluid afite ubucucike busa n’amazi hamwe na coefficient ya viscosity na diffuzione isa na gaze, bigatuma iseswa ryayo rihwanye n’amazi ndetse nubushobozi bwayo bwo kohereza bingana na gaze.Kurandura cataliste itandukanye birashobora kunozwa ukoresheje uburyo bwiza bwo gukemuka no gukwirakwiza ibintu byamazi ya supercritical, ariko ntagushidikanya ko ari agati kuri cake niba umurima wa ultrasonic ushobora gukoreshwa kugirango ubishimangire.Inkubi y'umuyaga na micro jet iterwa na cavitation ya ultrasonic ntishobora gusa kongera cyane amazi ya supercritical fluid kugirango ashongeshe ibintu bimwe na bimwe biganisha ku guhagarika catalizator, bigira uruhare rwa desorption no gukora isuku, kandi bikomeza cataliste ikora igihe kirekire, ariko kandi ikanakina Uruhare rwo gukangura, rushobora gukwirakwiza sisitemu yo kubyitwaramo, no gukora igipimo cyo kwimura imbaga yimiti ya supercritical fluid reaction kurwego rwo hejuru.Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi ahantu haterwa na ultrasonic cavitation bizagira uruhare mu gucamo reaction zinjira muri radicals yubusa kandi byihutisha cyane umuvuduko.Kugeza ubu, hari ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku miterere y’imiti y’amazi arenze urugero, ariko ubushakashatsi buke ku kongera imbaraga nkizo mu murima wa ultrasonic.

5. ikoreshwa rya ultrasonic ifite ingufu nyinshi mubikorwa bya biodiesel

Urufunguzo rwo gutegura biodiesel ni catalitike transesterifike ya acide fatty glyceride hamwe na methanol hamwe na alcool nkeya ya karubone.Ultrasound irashobora gushimangira reaction ya transesterifike, cyane cyane kuri sisitemu ya reaction ya heterogeneous reaction, irashobora kongera cyane kuvanga (emulisifike) no guteza imbere reaction ya molekulari itaziguye, kuburyo reaction yabanje gusabwa gukorwa mubihe by'ubushyuhe bwinshi (umuvuduko mwinshi) Birashobora kurangizwa mubushyuhe bwicyumba (cyangwa hafi yubushyuhe bwicyumba), Kandi ukagabanya igihe cyo kubyitwaramo.Ultrasonic wave ntabwo ikoreshwa gusa murwego rwo guhinduranya, ariko no mugutandukanya kuvanga reaction.Abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Mississippi muri Amerika bakoresheje gutunganya ultrasonic mu gukora biodiesel.Umusaruro wa biodiesel warenze 99% mu minota 5, mugihe sisitemu isanzwe ya reaction ya batwara yatwaye amasaha arenga 1.